How Netflix Is Deploying AV1 with CMAF
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Learn more about AV1 and CMAF at 流媒体 West 2021.
Read the complete transcript of this clip:
西里尔Concolato: In our pipeline, our AV1 encoder is producing an elementary stream. And in the context of AV1, the stream is decomposed into Open Bitstream Units (OBUs). If you're familiar with AVC or HEVC, they have nine units. So AV1 has a similar concept. And in our packager, the role here is to parse this elementary stream and produce CMAF segments. 但是要做到这一点, it first detects what's called temporal units--the time boundaries between frames--and determines the timing. And here I would highlight that AV1 is really simplified compared to other codecs in the sense that we don't have the complexities around frame reordering or the nasty leading pictures that you have in other codecs, and you don't need in the packaging things like edit lists, 它们总是非常的, very difficult to handle in implementations.
类似的, there's another simplification done in CMAF 对于AV1 around the sequence header OBU, which are equivalent to--if you're familiar with AVC and HEVC parameter sets like VPS, PPS, 和SPS. And CMAF 对于AV1 recommends a way to do in-band and out-of-band signaling. So where for other codecs, you have to maintain two pipelines--you have your out-of-band pipeline and your in-band pipeline , 对于AV1, there's just one pipeline, 一个规范.
Same thing for encryption. AV1 recommends the encryption using cbcs with a 1:9 encryption pattern. So, 对于AV1, you don't need to maintain two encryption pipelines. No dichotomy between CTR and CBC, just one.
最后, 在我们的系统中, we use the typical structure or constraints of CMAF, but with the on-demand approach. For example, we use segment indexing or sub-segment indexing. So, that is really the first format that we've deployed with with CMAF. And it was really, I would say, an easy deployment due to all these certifications.
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